|
Afghan refugees in India are a community numbering up to 10,000.〔 Most are recent Hindu and Sikh refugees who fled the Taliban regime and political instability in Afghanistan; they are concentrated in and around Delhi. Muslim families account for about 10% of Afghan nationals in India, although recent migration has seen a boost in numbers. Apart from citizens and expatriates, there are hundreds of Muslim communities in India who trace their ancestries back to Pashtun forefathers. Before the creation of the modern state of Afghanistan, the term ''Afghan'' was used synonymously with Pashtun, and there has been much history of Pashtuns that have lived in India. There are an estimate of 10,000 Pashtuns in India. Several of Pashtun descent Indians migrated to Pakistan after the partition. Currently, there are no or very few ethnic Afghans that retained their culture in India. There's a sizable number Pashtuns in Indian state of Jammu and Kashmir.The North-Western Frontier Province (now called Khyber Pakhtunkhwa) was incorporated into British India in the late 19th century. Pashtuns were known as Afghans of British India. ==History== The earliest record of Afghans in India is during the late 13th century when the Khilji dynasty formed an empire in Northern India. They belonged to a Turkic tribe but were treated by Indians as ethnic Afghans due to their adoption of some Afghan habits and customs. The Lodi dynasty was made up of local ethnic Afghans. They ruled Northern India until the invasion of Babur in 1526, at which point the Mughal Empire was created. During this period Afghans from Kabulistan began arriving to India for business and pleasure. The Sur Empire replaced the Mughal Empire from 1540 to 1557. Rulers of Sur Empire were also Afghans. Other Afghans began invading India until the Sikh Empire came to power with the help of the British Empire. This formed a barrier between Afghanistan (Durrani Empire) and British India. Afghans were required visas to enter India after this period. The Great Afghan King Sher Shah Suri (Farid Khan) took control of the Mughal Empire in 1540. After his accidental death in 1545, his son Islam Shah became his successor.()()()()() He first served as a private before rising to become a commander in the Mughal army under Babur and then as the governor of Bihar. In 1537, when Babur's son Humayun was elsewhere on an expedition, Sher Khan overran the state of Bengal and established the Sur dynasty.() A brilliant strategist, Sher Shah proved himself a gifted administrator as well as an capable general. His reorganization of the empire laid the foundations for the later Mughal emperors, notably Akbar the Great, son of Humayun.() He extended the Grand Trunk Road from Chittagong in the frontiers of the province of Bengal in near eastern India Kolkata to Kabul in Afghanistan in the far northwest of the country. During the 20th century, a small number of Afghans immigrated to India whose children became involved in Bollywood film making industry. This includes, Feroz Khan, Kader Khan, Salman Khan and others. After the start of the Soviet war in Afghanistan in 1979, a number of Afghans immigrated to India. Most of them were Hindu and Sikh Afghans. Thousands of Afghan refugees that have been living in India have since become Indian citizens.〔(UNHCR )〕〔(2013 UNHCR regional operations profile - South Asia )〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Afghans in India」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|